STRUCTURE OF
PREPOSITION
A preposition is used
to connect a noun structure to others( e.g. pronoun) in a sentence. In other
words, preposition is like a bridge which is used to connect between one place
to other. So, Noun or pronoun is very important for preposition in order that
preposition can be used. This automatically states that without nouns or
pronoun, preposition will be nothing!.
According to the usage
in cases of sentences, preposition has 6 structures, they are;
1.
In a structure of a noun
e.g.
I come from Indonesia.
2.
In a structure of a pronoun
e.g.
He gave it to me
Note: Pronoun here may
be an objective pronoun and possession
For examples:
I
need you. (Objective pronoun)
She
is one of friends of mine (Possession)
3.
In a Gerundial Phrases
e.g.
I object to telling the information to him.
4.
In a noun clause
e.g.
I object to telling the information to who stole my money.
5.
In a part of verb (But, it has full
meaning verb)
e.g.
I get up early every morning.
note: /get up/ and
others, like; keep on, carry out, get on, go up, give up, etc, is also called a
phrasal verb. Why phrase? It is because the verb forms a phrase by placing a
preposition behind it and create a new and full meaning which differs from the
original verb.
For example:
get = to gain something
get up = e.g. get up
from lying down, get up from bed or get up from failure.
6.
In a part of verb (But, the preposition
describes something else, like a direction or a place)
e.g.
When I look into your eyes, there's .......(/into/ denotes something exist
inside).
As you know that Preposition
is usually placed before its noun object. But sometimes, preposition can be
placed in the end of the sentence with or without a noun beside it.
For examples:
That's the house where
I live in. (With a full verb /live/)
This sentence dontes a
place which described by /that's the house/.
What's on tonight?
This sentence has
preposition which stands alone without others, like a verb or noun or pronoun.
However, The preposition /on/ has a function as an adverb to indicate that
something is on or off, say, a film. In other cases, /on/, here, describes the
hit or rank, e.g. The company reaches its highest target tonight while others
not.
FORM OF PREPOSITION
Preposition has three
forms in its usage;
1)simple preposition,
preposition has single part, e.g. of, on, by, near, off, in, at, etc.
2)two parts of preposition,
preposition which is created from the combination of words and a certain
particle.
e.g. instead of,
because of, so that, as for, apart from, etc
3)three parts of
preposition, preposition has three parts in use, e.g. by means of, in regard
to, etc.
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES
When preposition is
combined to other words and has a full meaning, it is called
"Prepositional phrase".
According to its
function, prepositional phrase has functions, as;
1.Adverbial, as in,
they stood under the tree. (denotes a certain place ---> Adverb of place)
2.Adjectival,
prepositional phrase which modifies or give some information to a noun.
e.g. I have got to attend the meeting at
seven o'clock.
3.Nominal, preposition
which is placed after a full verb. This is usually called "Prepositional
object". Object here denotes a place where the prepositional phrase is
placed, i.e., after a full verb.
Note that Adverb can be
modified. see also modifying adverb clause.
For examples:
I am waiting for her.
Notice that the
preposition /for/ is placed after the verb /waiting/.
Preposition, when it
has its own building, as in prepositional phrase, it has a position in
sentences.
a)
initial, placed at the beginning of a
sentence.
For
example:
For
the sake of you, I'll do everything.
b)
middle, placed in the middle of a
sentence which uses commas in its left and right sides.
For
example:
If
you wish, for the sake of you, I'll do everything.
c)
final, placed in the end of the
sentence.
For example:
I'll do everything for
the sake of you.
When we would like to
show the details, we can placed one prepositional phrase to others at the same
time.
For example:
I'll attend the meeting
in Bali at 8.00 tonight
EXERCISE :
STRUCTURE PREPOSITION
Analyze this article below
about the structure preposition!
Some people live for making presentations; others consider it their worse nightmare. It could be
five people in a boardroom or 500 in the audience, but if you are the presenter the spotlight
is on you. You'll
either be the hero or the goat.
No need to panic. Here are five ways to help
make your presentation astounding and enjoy the opportunity to bask in the limelight.
1. Give
it Focus
No one is impressed by a presentation that
rambles. Rambling happens when the speaker is both self-indulgent and
unorganized. Your purpose and prose must be specifically directed to interests
of your listeners or they will mentally shut you down. Even if you hit upon a topic of
interest, you will lose them quickly if they can't follow the logic of your
ideas. Outline the structure of your presentation in a way that people can
follow easily. Research your audience to make sure the topic is truly of
interest. Promoting the benefits of beef at a vegetarian conference will likely
empty your venue no matter how strong your passion for steak.
2. Tell
Compelling Stories
There must
be a reason you are presenting to these people. Most likely you want them to
take action of some kind. Maybe you want them to write you a check, get
involved in an activity, or to make something happen in their own lives. They
won't likely take action just because you tell them to do so. You need to
connect with them emotionally and inspire them to change behavior. Stories do more for emotional
connection than any other speech technique. The more personal and authentic, the
more powerful the response you'll receive. Learn how to construct stories that excite, motivate and compel people to action. Most importantly, make sure your stories
have humor and Aha! moments to make them memorable.
3. Give
an Entertaining Performance
Not every
presenter has to be an actor or comedian, but no one wants to listen to someone
drone on in dull monotone. There are powerful dynamics in movement and vocal
inflections that will help your listeners feel your passion and energy.
Give them an awesome experience. Take the time to create
a script and memorize it so you own the material. You don't have to know it
word for word but you should be able to clearly articulate the key points
without your notes. Then you need to rehearse... a lot. As painful as it might
be, watch yourself on video and work to remove Uhhs,Umms and physical tics so you appear
polished and comfortable. Find a friend with a performance background to coach you so your diction is clear, you
project emotion, and you connect with your eyes. Make your audience knows they
are worth your effort.
4. Use
Media Only to Enhance
PowerPoint,
visuals and video are powerful presentation tools when used
correctly. But they can be disastrous distractions when misused. They should
never replace you as the provider of expertise. Don't ever let your audience
feel they would have been better off if you had just emailed them the deck.
Keep your PowerPoint to a few words and never read from the screen in the
presentation. Ask yourself if a slide or video is truly necessary before adding
anything. Visuals are good for making an emotional connection only if they are
relevant and required, otherwise best to just leave the
projector off and focus more on your
storytelling and performance skills.
5. Create
a Worthy Leave-Behind
So you just
delivered the best presentation ever. Now your audience heads off to the next
speaker, to lunch or back to their desks. People are busy and no matter
how much you impressed them they will turn their attentions elsewhere. Give
them something to remember you by. Professional speakers will give them a book or at least a couple of chapters. It might be
as simple as a small flyer or premium item. Whatever it is, make sure it's
relevant to your compelling story and reminds them of the action they should
take. Be clever and appropriate so people will appreciate your thoughtfulness
as well as your ideas.
http://www.inc.com/kevin-daum/5-tips-for-giving-really-amazing-presentations.html
Structure of preposition
1. In a structure noun
· It could be five people in a boardroom or 500 in the audience.
From the sentence above, there have structure
of preposition. The structure is in form of a noun. In include as preposition, after in is followed by noun (boardroom and audience). In a boardroom
also can denote as a place.
· Here are five ways to help make your
presentation astounding and enjoy the opportunity to bask in the limelight.
That sentence above has also structure
preposition of a noun. The preposition is in
followed by noun (limelight).
·
No one is
impressed by a presentation that rambles.
By a presentation has a structure of a noun. The
preposition is by. It is followed by noun (presentation).
2.
In a
structure of a pronoun
·
if you are
the presenter the spotlight is on you.
A
clause above has a structure of preposition. A structure preposition of a
pronoun. On includes as a
preposition, after on is followed by
pronoun (you).
3. In a
structure of gerundial phrase
· Some people live for making presentations; others consider it their worse nightmare.
For denotes a preposition. Preposition is usually followed by verb ing (making)
or as gerund like the sentence above.
4. In a
part of verb (phrasal verb)
·
Visuals are
good for making an emotional connection only if they are relevant and required,
otherwise best to just leave the projector off and focus more on your storytelling and
performance skills.
·
Even if you hit upon a topic of
interest, you will lose them quickly if they can't follow the logic of your
ideas.
·
Now your
audience heads off to the next speaker, to lunch or back to their desks
Those sentence in particular show a structure
a preposition in form of phrasal verb such leave off, heads off and hit upon. Those
verbs are followed by prepositions off
and upon.
NAME : WELMA YUNIA SARI
CLASS : 4SA05
NPM : 17611368
TUGAS SOFTSKILL KE-4
PEMBELAJARAN BHS.ING
